The C# programming language was born in 1999 at Microsoft. The original name was COOL for C-like Object-Oriented Language but it was later changed to C# (pronounced C sharp). It was created by Anders Hejlsberg to help address the shortcomings of other programming languages in use at the time. The language is strongly-typed, object-oriented, and component oriented and utilizes a unified type system.
Unlike C or C++, C# handles memory and resource management for developer, lending to the concept of managed code. C# uses a garbage collection mechanism to release memory and resources that are no longer referenced in the application code, helping to prevent memory leak issues.
- Strongly-typed - the languages enforces type checking on objects in the code meaning it is type-safe.
- Object-oriented - C# offers the developer all the tenets of OOP such as encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.
- Component-oriented - C# permits the creation of software components for self-contained, self-describing packages of functionality.
- Unified type system - all C# types, from primitive to reference types, inherit from a single root known as Object.
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